LCM stands for Least Common Multiple. It refers to the smallest multiple that is common to two or more integers. It is often used in problems involving fractions or ratios.
HCF stands for Highest Common Factor. It refers to the largest factor that is common to two or more integers. It is often used in problems involving simplifying fractions or finding the greatest common divisor.
Prime factorization is the process of breaking down a composite number into its prime factors. This helps in understanding the properties of the number and simplifying any calculations involving it.
For example, let's say we have the numbers 12 and 18.
The LCM of 12 and 18 is 36, as it is the smallest multiple that is common to both numbers.
The HCF of 12 and 18 is 6, as it is the largest factor that is common to both numbers.
The prime factorization of 12 is 2^2* 3, and the prime factorization of 18 is 2 *3*3.
